【雄松华章讯】雄松华章MBA官网特邀名师，第一时间抢先发布2022年管理类联考各科目真题及答案解析。考完试当天，考生以微信搜索【MBA估分】小程序，进行在线对答案，预测是否能上线！当晚还有华章名师直播真题解析，数学/逻辑/英语/写作全科讲解，答案更准，估分更靠谱。

Section I  Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark, A.B.C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

一、完型填空

Harlan Coben believes that if you’re a writer ,you’ll find the time; and that if you’ll can’t find the time ,then writing isn’t a priority and you’re not a writer. For him writing is ___①____job-a job like any other. He has ___②____it with plumbing, Pointing out that plumber doesn’t wake up and say that he can’t woer with pipes today.

____③___，like most writers these days, you’re holding down a job to pay the bills,it’s not ______④___to find the time to write. But it’s  not impossible. It require deter mination and Single-mindedness。___⑤___that most bestselling authors began writing who are fairly ___⑥______often have to do other work to_____⑦____their writing income.

As Halan Coben has suggested, it’s a __⑧______of priorities.To make writing a priority，you’ll hace to___⑨_____some of your day-to-day activities and some thing you really enjoy. Depengding on your __⑩_______and deyouer lifestyle,that might  mean spending less time watching television pr listening to music,though some people can write____11___they listen to music.You might have to___12___the  amount of exercise orsport you do.You‘ll have to make social media an____13______activity rather than a daily,time-consuming__14______.There’ll probably hate to be less socializing with your friends an less time with youer family。It’s a ____15____learning curve , and It won’t always make you popular.

There's just one thing you should try to keep at least sometime for,   ___16____your writing and that’s reading. Any write needs to read as made and as widely as they can, it’s the one  __17____ supporter something you can’t do without.

Time is finite, the older you get, the   __18_____it seems to go. We need to use it so carefully and as ____19______as we can, that means prioritizing out activities so that we spend most time on the things we really want to do. If you’re a writer, that means   __20____writing.

1、A.difficult    B.normal   C.steady    D.pleasant

2、A.combined   B.compared   C.confused   D.confranted

3、A.If   B.Through   C.Once   D.Unless

4、A.enough   B.strange   C.wrong   D.easy

5、A.Accept   B.Explain   C.Remember   D.Suppose

6、A.well-known   B.well-advised   C.well-informed   D.well-chosen

7、A.donate   B.generate   C.supplement   D.calculate

8、A.cause   B.purpose   C.question   D.condition

9、A.highlight   B.sacrifice   C.continue   D.explore

10、A.relations   B.interests   C.memories   D.skills

11、A.until   B.because   C.while   D.before

12、A.put up with   B.make up for   C.hang onto   D.cut down on

13、A.intelligant    B.occasional   C.intensive    D.emotional

14、A.habit   B.best   C.decision   D.plan

15、A.tough   B.gentle   C.rapid   D.funny

16、A.in addition to   B.in charge of   C.in response to   D.in addition to

17、A.indispensable   B.innovative   C.invisible   D.instant

18、A.doller   B.harder   C.quieter   D.quicker

19、A.peacefully   B.generously   C.productively   D.gratefully

20、A.at most   B.in turn   C.on average   D.above all

二、阅读理解

阅读理解A-Text 1

On a recent sunny day13.000 chickens roam over Larry Brown's 40 windswept acres in ShinerTexas.Some rest in the shade of a parked car Others drink water with the cows. This all seems random,but it's by design, part of what the $6.1 billion US.egg industry bets will be its next big thing:climate-friendly eggs.

These eggs,which are making their debut now on shelves for as much asS8adozen,are still labeled organic and animal-friendly,but they're also from birds that live on farms using regenerative agriculture-special techniques to cultivate rich soils that can trap green house gases.Such eggs could be marketed as helping to fight climate change.

I'm excited about our progress"says Brown,who is adding more cover crops that draw worms and crickets for the chickens to eat. The birds'waste then fertilizes fields.Such improvements "allow our hens to forage for higher-quality natural feed that will be good for the land, the hens, and the eggs that we supply to our customers. 

The egg industrys push is the first major test of whether animal products from regenerative farms can become the next premium offering.in barely more than a decade,organic eggs went from being dismissed as a niche product in natural foods stores to being sold at Walmart.More recently there were similar doubts about probiotics and plant-based meats,but both have exploded into major supermarket categories .lf the sustainable-egg roll out is successful. it could open the floodgates for regenerative beef,broccoli,and beyond.

Regenerative products could be a hard sell because the concept is tough to define quickly,says Julie Stanton, associateprofessor of agricultural economics at Pennsylvania State University Brandywine.Such farming also brings minimal, if any,improvement to the food products (though some producers say their eggs have more protein).

The industry is betting that the same consumers paying more for premium attributes such as free-range,non-GMO,and pasture-raised eggswill embrace sustainability.Surveys show that younger generations

21、the climate-friendly eggs are producted

A.at a considerably low cost

B.at the demand of regular shoppers

C.as a replacement for organic eggs

D.on specially designed forms

22、larry Brown is excited about his progress in

A reducting the damage of

B accelaratiny the disposal of uest

C creatiny a sustainable system

D attratiny customers to his products

23、the example of organic eggs is used in the paragragh if to suggest

A the doubts to over natural feeds

B the set breaks in the eggs industry

C the potential of regenerative products

D the promotional success of super markets

24、It can be learned from paragragh that young people

A are reluctant to change their diet

B are likely to buy climate-friendly eggs

C are curious about new food

D are amazed at agruculoure advornces

25、John Brungvell would disagree with Julie stanton overegenerative products

A markets prospects

B standard defination

C market prospect

D morcil implication

阅读理解A-Text 2

With the global population predicted to hit close to 10 billion by 2050, and forecasts

That agri-cultural production in some regions will need to nearly double to keep pace, food security is increasingly making headlines. in the UK, it has become a big talking point recently too, for rather particular reason: Brexit.

Brexit is seen by some as an opportunity to reverse a recent trend towards the UK importing food The country produces only about 60 percent of the food it eats, down from almost three-quarters in the late 1980s.A move back to self-sufficiency, the argument goes, would boost the farming industry. political sovereignty and even the nations health. Sounds great- but how feasible is this vision?

According to a report on UK food production from the University of Leeds, UK, 85 percent of the

country's total land area is associated with meat and dairy production. That supplies 80 percent of what is consumed, so even covering the whole country in livestock farms wouldn't allow us to cover all our meat and dairy needs.

There are many caveats to those figures, but they are still grave. To become much more self-sufficient, the UK would need to drastically reduce its consumption of animal foods, and probably also farm more intensively meaning fewer green fields and more factory-style production.

But switching to a mainly plant-based diet wouldn’t help. There is a good reason why the UK is dominated by animal husbandry: most of its terrain doesn’t have the right soil or climate to grow

crops on commercial basis. Just 25 per cent of the country’s land is suitable for crop-growing, most of which is already occupied by arable fields. Even if we converted all the suitable land to fields of fruit and veg--which would involve taking out all the nature reserves and removing thousands of people from their homes-we would achieve only a 30 percent boost in crop production.

Just 23 per cent of the fruit and vegetables consumed in the UK are currently home-grown, so even with the most extreme measures we could meet only 30 per cent of our fresh produce needs. That is before we look for the space to grow the grains, sugars, seeds and oils that provide us with the vast bulk of our current calorie intake.

26、The survey conducted by Harris Poll indicates that

A.over half of the retirees are physically fit for work

B.the old workforce isas active as the younger one

C.one in three Americans enjoy earlier retirement

D.more Americans are willing to work in retirement

27、It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that Americans tend to think that

A.retirement may cause problems for them

B.boredom can be relieved after retirement

C.the mental health of retirees is overlooked

D.unretirement " contributes to the economy

28、Retirement patterns are changing partly due to

A.labor shortages

B.population growth

C.longer life expectancy

D.rising living costs

29、Many retires are inreasing ir swines by

A.investing more in stocks

B.taking up odd jobs

C.getting well-paid work

D.spending less

30、With regard to retirement , Brent Weiss thinks that many people are

A.unprepared

B.Unafraid

C.disappointed

D.enthusiastic

阅读理解A-Text 3

We have all encountered them, in both our personal and professional livesThink about the times you felt tricked or frustrated by a membership oribscription that had a seamless sign-up process but was later difficult to cancelSomething that should be simple and transparent can be complicated, intentionallyor unintentionally, in ways that impair consumer choice, hese are examp-k patternsFirst coined in 2010 by user experience expert Harry Brignull, dark patterns"is a catch-all term for practices that manipulate user interfaces to influence thedecision-making ability of users. Brignull identifies 12 types of common darkatterns, ranging from misdirection and hidden costs to roach motel, " where aIser experience seems easy and intuitive at the start, but turns difficult when theuser tries to get out.In a 2019 study of 53,000 product pages and 11, 000 websites, researchersfound that about one in 10 employs these design practices. Though widelyprevalent, the concept of dark patterns is still not well understood. Business andnonprofit leaders should be aware of dark patterns and try to avoid the gray areasthey engenderWhere is the line between ethical, persuasive design and dark patterns?Businesses should engage In conversations with II, compliance, risk, and legalteams to review their privacy policy, and include in the discussion thecustomer/user experience designers and coders responsible for the company's userinterface, as well as the marketers and advertisers responsible for sign-ups,checkout baskets, pricing, and promotions. Any or all these teams can play a roleIn creating or avoiding"digital deceptionLawmakers and regulators are slowly starting to address the ambiguityaround dark patterns, most recently at the state level. In March, the Californiaamountnced the approval of additional regulations under thnen seeking to exercise their data privacy rights. " Theregulations aim to ban dark pattems -this means prohibiting companies fromusing"confusing language or unnecessary steps such as forcing them to clickthrough multiple screens or listen to reasons why they shouldnt opt outAs more states consider promulgating additional regulations, there is a needfor greater accountability from within the business community. Dark patterns alsobe addressed on a self-regulatory basis, butsonly if organizations holdthemselves accountable, not just to legal requirements, but also to industry bestpractices and standard.

31、It can be learned from the first two paragraghs that dark patterns

A.Improve user experiences

B.leak user information for profit

C.undermine users’ decision-making

D.remind users of hidden costs

32、The 2019 study on dark patterns is mentioned to show.

A.their major flaws

B.their complex designs

C.their severe damage

D.their strong presence

33、To handle digital deception,businesses should    

A.lisen to customer feedback

B.talk with relevant teams

C.turn to independent agencies

D.rely on professional training

34、The additional regulations under the CCPA are intended to

A.Guide users through opt-out processes

B.protect consumers from begin tricked

C.grant companies data privacy rights

D.resteict access to problematic content

35、According to the last paragraph,a key to coping with dark patterns is

A.new legal requirements

B.businesses’self-discipline

C.strict regulatory standards

D.consumers’safety awareness

阅读理解A-Text 4

Although ethics classes are common around the world , scientists are unsure iftheir lessons can actually change behavior ; evidence either way is weak , relyingon contrived laboratory tests or sometimes unreliable self-reports . But a new studypublished in Cognition found that , in at least one real-world situation . a singlethics lesson may have had lasting effects

The researchers investigated one class sessions impact on eating meat . Theychose this particular behavior for three reasons , according to study co-author EncSchwitzgebel , a philosopher at the University of California , Riverside : studentsattitudes on the topic are variable and unstable , behavior is easily measurable , andethics literature largely agrees that eating less meat is good because it reducesenvironmental harm and animal suffering . Half of the students in four largephilosophy classes read an article on the ethics of factory-farmed meat , optionallywatched an 11-minute video on the topic and joined a 50-minute discussion . Theother half focused on charitable giving instead . Then , unknown to the students , theresearchers studied their anonymized meal-card purchases for that semesternearly 14 , 000 receipts for almost 500 students

Schwitzgebel predicted the intervention would have no effect ; he hadpreviously found that ethics professors do not differ from other professors on arange of behaviors , including voting rates , blood donation and returning librarybooks . But among student subjects who discussed meat ethics , meal purchasescontaining meat decreased from 52 to 45 percent - and this effect held steady forthe study's duration of several weeks . Purchases from the other group remained at52 percent

4 That , s actually a pretty large effect for a pretty small intervention ,Schwitzgebel says . Psychologist Nina Strohminger at the University ofPennsylvania , who was not involved in the study , says she wants the effect to becannot rule out some unknown confounding variable . And if real , shenotes . it might be reversible by another nudge : " Easy come , easy go

Schwitzgebel suspects the greatest impact came from social influenceclassmates or teaching assistants leading the discussions may have shared theirown vegetarianism , showing it as achievable or more common . Second , the videomay have had an emotional impact . Least rousing , he thinks , was rationalargument , although his co-authors say reason might play a bigger role . Now theresearchers are probing the specific effects of teaching style , teaching assistantseating habits and students video exposure . Meanwhile Schwitzgebel - who hadpredicted no effect-will be eating his words

36、Scientists generally believe that the effects of ethics classes are

A.hard to determine

B.narrowly interpreted

C.difficult to ignore

D.poorly summarized

37、Which of the following is a reason for the researchers to study meat-eating?

A.It is common among students.

B.It is a behavior easy to measure

C.It is important to students' health

D.It is a hot topic in ethics classes

38、Eric Schwitzgebel's previous findings suggest that ethics professors

A.are seldom critical of their students

B.are less sociable than other professors

C.are not sensitive to political issues

D.are not necessarily ethically better

39、Nina Strohminger thinks that the effect of the intervention is_____

A.permanent

B.predictable

C.uncertain

D.unrepeatable

40、EricSchwitzgebel suspects that the studentschange in behavior

A.can bring psychologicalbenefits

B.can be analyzed statistically

C.is a result of multiple factors

D.is a sign of self-development

阅读理解B

Moving your body has been shown to reduce anxietyand depression, lower rates of many types of cancerand the risk of a heart attack, and improve overallimmunity. It also helps build strength and stamina.

MORE ON STAYING FIT

The Major Health Benefits of Even ModestExercise

Best Ways to Work Out on a TreadmillA Home Exercise Plan That Really WorksHow to Use Your Heart Rate to Help YouWork Out

Best Equipment for a Home Gym

Getting back into exercise can be a challenge in thebest of times, but with gyms and in-person exercise

classes off-linits to many people these days because ofcOVID-19 concerns, it can be tricky to know where to

start.And it's important to get the right dose of

activity. "Too much too soon either results in injury orburnout,”" says Mary Yoke, PhD, a faculty member inGetting back into exercise can be a challenge in thebest of times, but with gyms and in-person exercise

classes off-limits to many people these days because ofcOVID-19 concerns, it can be tricky to know where to

start.And it's important to get the right dose of

activity.“Too much too soon either results in injury orburnout," says Mary Yoke, PhD, a faculty member in

the kinesiology department at Indiana University inBloomington.

Follow this advice to return to exercise safely.

41.__________________________

Don't try to go back to what you were doing beforeyour break. If you were walking 3 miles a day, playing 18 holes of golf three times a week, or lifting 10-pounddumbbells for three sets of 10 reps, reduce activity to 1/mile every other day, or nine holes of golf once aweek with short walks on other days, or use 5-pounddumbbells for one set of 10 reps.

Increase time, distance, and intensity gradually. "Thisisn't something you can do overnight,” Denay says.

But you'll reap benefits such as less anxiety andimproved sleep right away.

42.__________________________

If you're breathing too hard to talk in complete

sentences, back off. If you feel good, go a little longeror faster. Feeling wiped out after a session? Go easier

next time.And stay alert to serious symptoms, such aschest pain or pressure, severe shortness of breath or

dizziness, or faintness, and seek medical attentionimmediately.

43.__________________________

Consistency is the key to getting stronger and buildingendurance and stamina.

Ten minutes of activity per day is a good start, saysMarcus Jackovitz, DPT, a physical therapist at the

University of Miami Hospital.All the experts we spokewith highly recommend walking because it's the

easiest, most accessible form of exercise.Although it

can be a workout on its own, if your goal is to get backto Zumba classes, tennis, cycling, or any other activity, walking is also a great first step.

44.__________________________

Combine cardio exercise, such as walking, withstrength training to keep your muscles and bones inoptimal shape. It can be as easy as standing up andsitting down from a chair five to 10 times.

For your upper body, do five to 10 pushups against awall or high counter. Or use low-cost resistance bands,which allow you to do more exercises than dumbbellsdo and take up less space.

45.__________________________

Exercising with others "can keep you accountable andmake it more fun, so you're more likely to do it again,”Jackovitz says.

You can do activities such as golf and tennis or take a

walk with others and still be socially distant. But whenyou can't connect in person, consider using technology. Chat on the phone with a friend while you walk around your neighborhood. FaceTime or Zoomwith a relative as you strength train or stretch at home.

You can also join a livestream or on-demanaexereseclass. silverSneakers offers them for older adults, or try EverWalk for virtual challenges.

Editor's Note: A version of this article also appearedin the January 2021 issue of Consumer Reports On Health.

41、

A. Make it a habit

B. Don’t go it alone

C. Start low go slow

D. Talk with your doctor

E. Listen to your body

F. Go through the motions

G. Round out your routine

42、

A. Make it a habit

B. Don’t go it alone

C. Start low go slow

D. Talk with your doctor

E. Listen to your body

F. Go through the motions

G. Round out your routine

43、

A. Make it a habit

B. Don’t go it alone

C. Start low go slow

D. Talk with your doctor

E. Listen to your body

F. Go through the motions

G. Round out your routine

44、

A. Make it a habit

B. Don’t go it alone

C. Start low go slow

D. Talk with your doctor

E. Listen to your body

F. Go through the motions

G. Round out your routine

45、

A. Make it a habit

B. Don’t go it alone

C. Start low go slow

D. Talk with your doctor

E. Listen to your body

F. Go through the motions

G. Round out your routine

三、翻译

46、Although we try out best, sometimes our paintings rarely turn out as originally planned. Change in the light, the limitations of your painting materials, and lack of experience and technique mean that what you start out trying to achieve may not come to life the way that you expected.

Although this can be frustrating and disappointing, it rums out that this can actually be good for you. Unexpected results have two benefits: you pretty quickly learn to deal with disappointment and realise that when one door closes, another opens. You also quickly learn to adapt and came up with creative solutions to the problems the painting presents, and thinking outside the box will become your second nature.

In fact, creative problem-solving skills are incredibly useful in daily life, with which you’re more likely to be able to find a solution when a problem arises.

参考答案：

虽然我们尽了最大的努力，但有时我们的画很少像原来计划的那样成功。光线的变化、绘画材料的局限性以及经验和技术的缺乏，意味着你开始尝试实现的目标可能不会像你期望的那样实现。

虽然这可能会令人沮丧和失望，但事实证明，这实际上对你有好处。意想不到的结果有两个好处：你很快学会了应对失望，并意识到当一扇门关闭时，另一扇门就会打开。你还可以很快学会适应并用创造性的方法解决线画中的问题，跳出框框思考将成为你的第二天性。

事实上，创造性的解决问题的技能在日常生活中非常有用，(因为它可以帮助你)在问题出现时，更有可能找到解决方案。

四、写作

47、suppose you are planning a campus food festival, write an email to international students in your university to

1) introduce the food festival

2) invite them to participate

答案解析：

Dear international students,

I am so excitedu to tell you that there will be a campus food festival this Monday afternoon.I would be honored to have you all here with us.

Details are as follows.Firstly,the feast,including many games,is to be held in Room 9 in Teaching Building

on 25,Oct 5:00p.m.In addition,during the activity,varieties of yummy foods are provided to be tasted.Thus you can enjoy dishes and desserts from all over the country,such as hotpot,roast meat with steamed rice and so on.Last but not least,you are welcomed to offer foods from your countries.You can notonly enjoy foods but also make friends who are fond of special snacks.

Welcome to join us and enjoy this fantastic festival.l am looking forwardto your participation.

Yours sincerely.

Li Ming

48、Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should

1) interpret the chart, and

2) give your comments

答案解析：

    What is shown in the chart above reveals clearly that remarka ble changes have taken place with regard to the express delivery volume in China from year 2018-2020. Based upon the data of the chart, one can see that the delivery volume from the rural areas of China has been on a steady rise all the time, especially from 2019-2020. In the year of 2019, it was only about 15 billion pieces, while within a year, it went up to 30 billion in 2020 with an amazing increase of 100%.

    It's of no difficulty to come up with several possible factors to account for the trend. At the top of the list, with the rapid development of delivery indus try, major delivery companies have set up millions of branches so as to sat sfy almost everyone in China for their need of buying online.(客观原因1)

    In the second, we must admit that there is a huge change of mentality of shopping among people who live in the rural areas. Online shopping has long be come a common life-style for the people in the cities and now an increasing am ount of residents in the countryside have also accept and welcome the new way of sh opping.(主观原因)

    Last but not the least, the fact could not be ignored that the overall development of economy and the wild spread and influence of social media have undoubtedly trigger people's urge to buy online. At the same time,the fierce competition o enline sales have made online purchase even more tempting.(客观原因2)

    Considering which has been argued so far, we could safely come to the conclusion that the trend is normal and acceptable. Accordingly, it is of no necessity for the public to regard it with too much anxiety. Delivery, as a branch of service industry, would continue to be a strong economic factor for the future.

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